Jigawa
People
The people of Jigawa State, located in the northwestern region of Nigeria, are primarily Hausa-Fulani, with other ethnic group such as the Kanuri. Hausa is the dominant language spoken in the state, reflecting its cultural influence. With population of about 6 million, Jigawa people are known for their warmth, hospitality, and strong community values, which are evident in their traditional customs and practices.
Agriculture is the main occupation of the people of Jigawa, with farming activities such as crop cultivation, animal husbandry, and fishing being predominant. The famers in the statecultivates crops such as millet, rice, maize, and wheat. Livestock rearing, particularly cattle, sheep, and goats, also plays a significant role in the economy of the state.
Festivals such as the Durbar Festival, celebrated during Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha, showcase equestrian skills and cultural displays. Traditional music and dance are an integral part of social gatherings and ceremonies, adding vibrancy and color to the community’s cultural life. Despite the modernization and urbanization of the state, the people of Jigawa maintain a strong connection to their cultural roots, preserving and passing down their traditions from generation to generation.
Culture
The dominant culture in the state is deeply rooted in the Hausa-Fulani tradition, with elements of Kanuri and other ethnic groups’ cultures also influencing the cultural landscape. One significant aspect of Jigawa’s culture is its traditional attire, which reflects the region’s heritage and identity. Men often wear the flowing gown known as “babariga” paired with a matching cap, while women wear colorful wrappers and headscarves.
Festivals play a vital role in preserving and celebrating Jigawa’s cultural heritage, with events like the Durbar festival, Eid al-Fitr, and Eid al-Adha being widely observed across the state.With drumming, singing, and energetic performances showcasing the community’s vibrant spirit. These festivals bring communities together in joyous celebrations, featuring colorful parades, horse riding, and traditional displays.
Moreover, Jigawa State is renowned for its exquisite craftsmanship, particularly in pottery, weaving, and leatherwork. Skilled artisans produce intricate designs and patterns, reflecting the region’s artistic prowess and creativity. Traditional crafts are not only a source of cultural pride but also contribute to the local economy by attracting tourists and promoting cultural exchange. Overall, Jigawa’s rich cultural tapestry is a testament to the resilience and diversity of its people, fostering a sense of unity and pride in their shared heritage.
Economy
Jigawa State’s economy is primarily agrarian, with agriculture serving as the mainstay of the state’s economy and livelihood for most of its population. The fertile land and favorable climate support the cultivation of various crops, including grains, vegetables, and legumes.Millet, rice, maize, and wheat are among the staple crops grown in the state, contributing significantly to food security and subsistence farming.
The state government has implemented various agricultural initiatives and programs to enhance productivity, promote modern farming techniques, and increase farmers’ access to markets and resources. Additionally, Jigawa State is known for its large-scale irrigation projects, such as the Hadejia Irrigation Scheme, which harnesses water from the HadejiaRiver to support agricultural activities and boost crop yields.
In recent years, the government has also focused on diversifying the state’s economy beyond agriculture by investing in sectors such as commerce, industry, and infrastructure development. Efforts to improve transportation networks, upgrade urban facilities, and attract private investment have aimed to stimulate economic growth, create employment opportunities, and enhance the overall quality of life for residents.
Moreover, Jigawa State is strategically located within Nigeria’s northern region, offering potential opportunities for trade and commerce. The state’s proximity to major markets and trade routes, coupled with its abundant natural resources and agricultural produce, positions it as a key player in the nation’s economy.
Politics
Politics in Jigawa State, like in many parts of Nigeria, is characterized by a multi-party system and active political participation among its citizens. The state has witnessed a democratic transition since the return to civilian rule in 1999, marked by periodic elections at the local, state, and national levels. The political landscape is dynamic, with various political parties vying for power and influence.
Jigawa State has played a significant role in Nigeria’s political scene, with its citizens actively participating in electoral processes and governance. The state has produced prominent political figures who have served in various capacities, including governors, legislators, and ministers at the federal level. Political parties such as the All-Progressives Congress (APC), the People’s Democratic Party (PDP), and other smaller parties have all contested elections in the state, reflecting the diversity of political ideologies and affiliations among the electorate.
The State has had a history of political leadership shaped by various governors over the years. From the National Republican Convention’s Ali Sa’ad Birnin-Kudu to the People’s Democratic Party’s Ibrahim Saminu Turaki and Sule Lamido, and under the APC’ BadaruAbubakar and presently Jigawa state in under the leadership of Umar Namadi, these leaders have steered the state through different political landscapes. Each governor brought their unique approach to governance, contributing to the socio-economic and infrastructural development of the state while navigating the challenges and opportunities inherent in Nigerian politics.
pcl. State Performance Index
The pcl. State Performance Index provides a comprehensive assessment of Abia State's overall performance, combining primary survey data with data from credible sources. In summary, Abia State achieved a PSPI Score of -0.32, ranking 36th out of 37 states with a BBB rating, indicating Under Performance.
Summary of Analysis
Abia State’s assessment reveals a sub-optimal utilisation of its socioeconomic potential, compounded by the pessimistic perspectives voiced by its citizens in our survey. This combined evaluation results in Abia State receiving a BB rating, indicating “under-performance,” and securing the 36th overall ranking. Abia State requires significant improvement across all other indicators except for literacy rate and the capital expenditure to budget ratio. Additionally, effective management of citizens’ perceptions of performance is crucial. Abia State should prioritise strengthening public institutions, investing in infrastructure, and fostering human capital development.
Outlook for Jigawa State: Positive
The outlook for Abia State remains positive, contingent upon several key factors:
1. Political Shift: The recent election victory of Mr Alex Otti from the Labour Party heralds a promising change in Abia State’s political landscape. The public’s optimism suggests a heightened focus on people-centric governance, potentially translating into improved overall administration.
2. Private Sector Expertise: Governor Alex Otti’s background in the private sector, notably as a seasoned banker, injects valuable expertise into the state’s leadership. While promising, potential conflicts with the public service require careful management to ensure effective collaboration and governance.
3. Innovative Local Governance: A groundbreaking shift in local governance sees accomplished individuals and former military leaders appointed as mayors, a departure from traditional political appointments. While not constitutionally mandated, this innovative approach aims to engage elites in government, fostering efficient local administration and promising prosperity.
4. Infrastructural Drive: The prioritisation of major road projects, including the Aba-Port Harcourt road constructed by Julius Berger, underscores the commitment to transformative infrastructure. Well-connected roads are vital for trade and hold the potential to drive holistic state development.
5. Resource Optimisation: Abia State possesses untapped resources, including gas reserves and a skilled workforce. Effective utilisation of these assets is a key driver for growth and could significantly impact the state’s economic outlook.
While the current positive outlook is a good starting point for Abia state, it is crucial to recognise and confront specific challenges that have the potential to hinder further progress. These challenges include:
1. Early Politicking for the Next Elections: Due to the Labour Party movement in the Southeast and the need for the ruling party at the centre to gain more grounds, politicians and leaders in Abia might become preoccupied with preparing for the next elections soon after taking office. This early focus on political campaigns and securing future positions can divert attention and resources away from governance and addressing the immediate needs of the state’s residents. It may result in less effective governance and slower progress on important issues.
2. Ongoing Agitation in the Southeast: The Southeast region of Nigeria has experienced agitation and unrest in recent years, with various groups and movements expressing their grievances and demands. If not well managed, these ongoing tensions and protests could disrupt peace and stability in Abia State. It might create an environment of uncertainty that hampers economic activities, investments, and overall development efforts. Therefore, effectively addressing and managing these regional tensions is essential for continued progress in the state
Recommendations for Sustainable Progress
To ensure sustainable progress and growth and move Abia State to a positive outlook, the following recommendations should be considered:
1. Enhanced citizen Engagement: Abia State should prioritise engaging with its citizens through regular town hall meetings, consultations with key stakeholders, and transparent communication. Involving citizens in policymaking is essential for effective governance.
2. Political Solution for Agitation: The state government should engage with the federal government to find a lasting political solution to the ongoing agitation in the Southeast, fostering peace and stability.
3. Infrastructure Revolution: Commence an infrastructure revolution in the state using creative means such as concessions, public-private partnerships (PPPs), and project finance. This will enhance the state’s physical and economic development.
4. Strengthen Public Institutions: Pay attention to the traditional institutions and public service to ensure effective service delivery for the benefit of the public. Strengthening institutions is crucial for governance and development.
5. Maximise Domestic Trade: Improve tax reforms, enhance market access and development, and invest in transportation infrastructure to maximise opportunities for domestic trade. This will stimulate economic growth and create employment opportunities.
6. Inter-State Collaboration for Progress: Collaborate with other state governments across Nigeria, drawing lessons from states like Akwa Ibom, Jigawa, Kwara, Gombe, and Kogi in various areas such as infrastructure development, job creation, financial inclusion, public institution strengthening, and the preservation of social and cultural values. Learning from the experiences of successful states can help Abia State bridge gaps and achieve its development goals.
By implementing these recommendations and focusing on the identified areas of improvement, Abia State can further solidify its position as a prosperous and stable state within Nigeria, contributing to its continuous growth and development.
Fact Sheet
Internally Generated Revenue
18.65 B
Y-o-Y
-5%
Per Capital Income
943,526.99
Y-o-Y
10
PMS Price
643.13
Y-o-Y
248%
Budget Size
160.52 B
Y-o-Y
9
Capital Expenditure
45.42 B
Y-o-Y
4%
Operating Expenditure
54.88B
Y-o-Y
1
Inflation Rate
29%
Y-o-Y
32%
Unemployment Rate
50.10%
Y-o-Y
5
Poverty Rate
10.7%
Y-o-Y
-65%
Infant Mortality Rate
115
Y-o-Y
37%
Literacy Rate
89
Y-o-Y
-7%
FAAC Allocation
82.95 B
Y-o-Y
35%
Data Source
National Bureau of Statistics:
▪ FAAC Allocation – 2022
▪ Inflation rate – 2022 – 2023
▪ PMS Price – 2022/23 Q4
▪ GDP – 2021 & 2022
▪ Mineral resources The World Bank
▪ Ease of doing business report
Kingmakers State of States Report
▪ Population
▪ Employment rate
▪ Mortality rate
▪ Literacy rate
Statista
▪ Unemployment Rate – 2020
NGF Digital Repository
▪ Capital and Operating Expenditure
▪ IGR
▪ Domestic and Foreign Debts
State Government Websites
▪ Budget Sizes – 2022 & 2023
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